Nagios merupakan suatu host dan service yang di
design untuk memonitoring keadaan suatu jaringan atau bisa memonitoring
masalah-masalah pada suatu host tertentu yang ingin kita monitoring. Nagios
mengawasi host-host dan servis yang telah ditetapkan, memberi peringatan jika
keadaan memburuk, dan
memberi tahu kapan keadaan tersebut membaik.
Keistimewaan
Nagios
ü Memonitoring servis
jaringan (SMTP, POP3, HTTP, NNTP, PING, dsb)
ü Servis cek yang paralel
ü Mendukung implementasi
monitoring dengan host yang berlebih
ü Web interface yang
fakultatip untuk melihat status network, urutan masalah dan pemberitahuan, log file, dsb).
ü Memonitoring sumber-
sumber host (load prosesor, penggunaan disk, dsb)
ü Desain plugin yang
serderhana, yang mengijinkan pengguna untuk lebih mudah menggunakan pemeriksaan
terhadap servisnya.
ü Kemampuan untuk
mendefinisikan kejadian yang ditangani selama servis / host berlangsung untuk mempermudah
pemecahan masalah
ü Perputaran file log yang
otomatis
Berikut adalah langkah
langkah untuk menginstall Nagios 3 pada komputer atau laptop user,, perlu untuk
diketahui " saya melakukan monitoring jaringan menggunakan Nagios 3 pada
Laboraturium 234 kampus Politeknik Caltex Riau.
- Pastikan apache pada PC anda
sudah terinstal, jika belum bisa diinstall dengan script sebagai berikut : apt-get
install apache2
- Akan lebih baik jika kita
melakukan Update (misal : pada repo PCR), dengan script sebagai berikut : apt-get update
- kemudian install Nagios 3
dengan menggunakan script:
apt get install
Nagios3
Setelah
proses install Nagios 3 selesai maka akan tampil kotak dialog seperti dibawah
ini,,
- Jika langkah telah selesai,
maka bisa lansung mengaksesnya pada browses yang ada (mozilla, google
crome) ke http://localhost/nagios3 , maka
akan muncul seperti dibawah ini.
- apabila anda tidak login menggunakan password yang telah anda buat tadi, maka ketikkan scriptberikut ini pada terminal : sudo htpasswd -c /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
- Ketikkan kembali perintah pada browser ke http://localhost/nagios3. Masukkan user name
dan password
baru anda.
- Setelah berkasil login maka tampilan nya akan seperti ini.
- kembali ke terminal dan Ketikkan perintah: nano/etc/nagios3/conf.d/localhost_nagios2.cfg
jika anda ingin memonitoring 4 PC, maka anda cukup
mengcopy mulai dari define host hingga tanda } kemudian paste kan tepat dibawah
nya, hingga jumlah define host ada 4 buah. dan yang akan anda edit adalah mulai
dari :
- host_name : dari localhost diubah menjadi jartel1
- alias : dari localhost menjadi nama pemilik PC misal, ary
- address : dari 127.0.0.1 diubah menjadi IP add PC si ary tadi
- lakukan perintah 1-3 untuk ketiga define host lainnya.
CONTOH :
#
A simple configuration file for monitoring the local host
# This can serve as an example for configuring other servers;
# Custom services specific to this host are added here, but services
# defined in nagios2-common_services.cfg may also apply.
#
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel1
alias ary
address 172.16.30.2
}
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel2
alias noval
address 172.16.30.3
}
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel3
alias amin
address 172.16.30.5
}
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel4
alias haye
address 172.16.30.8
}
# Define a service to check the disk space of the root partition
# on the local machine. Warning if < 20% free, critical if
# < 10% free space on partition.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel1
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
# Define a service to check the number of currently logged in
# users on the local machine. Warning if > 20 users, critical
# if > 50 users.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel1
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
# Define a service to check the number of currently running procs
# on the local machine. Warning if > 250 processes, critical if
# > 400 processes.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel1
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
# Define a service to check the load on the local machine.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name jartel1
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0!4.0
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0$
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0$
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0$
}
# This can serve as an example for configuring other servers;
# Custom services specific to this host are added here, but services
# defined in nagios2-common_services.cfg may also apply.
#
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel1
alias ary
address 172.16.30.2
}
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel2
alias noval
address 172.16.30.3
}
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel3
alias amin
address 172.16.30.5
}
define host{
use generic-host ; Name of host template$
host_name jartel4
alias haye
address 172.16.30.8
}
# Define a service to check the disk space of the root partition
# on the local machine. Warning if < 20% free, critical if
# < 10% free space on partition.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel1
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Disk Space
check_command check_all_disks!20%!10%
}
# Define a service to check the number of currently logged in
# users on the local machine. Warning if > 20 users, critical
# if > 50 users.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel1
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Current Users
check_command check_users!20!50
}
# Define a service to check the number of currently running procs
# on the local machine. Warning if > 250 processes, critical if
# > 400 processes.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel1
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_procs!250!400
}
# Define a service to check the load on the local machine.
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of service template to use
host_name jartel1
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0!4.0
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel2
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0$
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel3
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0$
}
define service{
use generic-service ; Name of servi$
host_name jartel4
service_description Current Load
check_command check_load!5.0!4.0!3.0!10.0!6.0$
}
- Lalu ketikkan perintah : nano
/etc/nagios3/conf.d/hostgroups_nagios2.cfg
a.
tambahkan define hostgroup untuk ping
b. ubah members sesuai dengan nama host-host tetangga (yang kita monitoring).
b. ubah members sesuai dengan nama host-host tetangga (yang kita monitoring).
CONTOH :
#
Some generic hostgroup definitions
# A simple wildcard hostgroup
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name all
alias All Servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A list of your Debian GNU/Linux servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name debian-servers
alias Debian GNU/Linux Servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A list of your web servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name http-servers
alias HTTP servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A list of your ssh-accessible servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name ssh-servers
alias SSH servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
#A list of your ping-accessible servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name ping-servers
alias ping servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A simple wildcard hostgroup
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name all
alias All Servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A list of your Debian GNU/Linux servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name debian-servers
alias Debian GNU/Linux Servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A list of your web servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name http-servers
alias HTTP servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
# A list of your ssh-accessible servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name ssh-servers
alias SSH servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
#A list of your ping-accessible servers
define hostgroup {
hostgroup_name ping-servers
alias ping servers
members jartel1,jartel2,jartel3,jartel4
}
- ketikkan perintah : nano /etc/nagios3/conf.d/services_nagios2.cfg
- tambahkan define service untuk ping
- pada hostgroup-name dan service description adalah ping, check_command adalah
check_ping.
CONTOH :
define
service {
hostgroup_name http-servers
service_description HTTP
check_command check_http
use generic-service
notification_interval 0 ; set > 0 if you want to be renotified
}
# check that ssh services are running
define service {
hostgroup_name ssh-servers
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
use generic-service
notification_interval 0 ; set > 0 if you want to be renotified
}
# check that ping services are running
define service {
hostgroup_name ping-servers
service_description ping
check_command check_ping
use generic-service
notification_interval 0 ; set > 0 if you want to be renotified
}
hostgroup_name http-servers
service_description HTTP
check_command check_http
use generic-service
notification_interval 0 ; set > 0 if you want to be renotified
}
# check that ssh services are running
define service {
hostgroup_name ssh-servers
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
use generic-service
notification_interval 0 ; set > 0 if you want to be renotified
}
# check that ping services are running
define service {
hostgroup_name ping-servers
service_description ping
check_command check_ping
use generic-service
notification_interval 0 ; set > 0 if you want to be renotified
}
- Lakukan restart, dengan mengetikka perintah : /etc/init.d/nagios3 restart
jika tampil [OK] maka anda sudah bisa melakukan
monitoring
·
kembali
ke browser http://localhost/nagios3 ,, pilih
bagian MAP maka akan terlihat PC yang
akan
dimontoring.
dimontoring.
- apabila kita meng-klik bagian hosts maka tampilan akan sebagai berikut :
contoh simple nya saja, di sini kita dapat melihat PC mana yang sedang ON dan OFF
- apabila kita meng-klik bagian service maka tampilan akan sebagai berikut :
NOTE :
- Apabila host host yang akan kita monitoring dalam keadaan mati (down) akan ada 2 kemungkinan status informasi nya pada Host Status :
1.
Critical – Host Unreachable
2.
PING CRITICAL – Packet loss = 100%
- Apabila host host yang akan kita monitoring dalam keadaan nyala (UP) maka status information nya pada host status akan dinyatakan sebagai : PING OK – packet loss = 0%, dan dengan nilai RTA yang relatif.
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